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11.2.7 ­¼¤è»P¶}¤è¨ç¼Æ 217
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11.2.11 ²Å¸¹¨ç¼Æ 221
11.2.12 ¼Æ¾Ç¹Bºâ¨ç¼Æ 221
11.3 ¦r²Å¦ê¨ç¼Æ 222
11.3.1 ASCII(S)¨ç¼Æ 222
11.3.2 CHAR_LENGTH(S)¨ç¼Æ 222
11.3.3 LENGTH(S)¨ç¼Æ 223
11.3.4 CONCAT(S1,S2,¡K,Sn)¨ç¼Æ 223
11.3.5 CONCAT_WS(X, S1,S2,¡K,Sn)¨ç¼Æ 223
11.3.6 INSERT(oldstr, x, y, replacestr)¨ç¼Æ 224
11.3.7 LOWER(S)¨ç¼Æ 224
11.3.8 UPPER(S)¨ç¼Æ 225
11.3.9 LEFT(str, x)¨ç¼Æ 225
11.3.10 RIGHT(str, x)¨ç¼Æ 225
11.3.11 LPAD(str, n pstr)¨ç¼Æ 226
11.3.12 RPAD(str, n, pstr)¨ç¼Æ 226
11.3.13 LTRIM(S)¨ç¼Æ 226
11.3.14 RTRIM(S)¨ç¼Æ 226
11.3.15 TRIM(S)¨ç¼Æ 227
11.3.16 TRIM(substr FROM str)¨ç¼Æ 227
11.3.17 REPEAT(str, x)¨ç¼Æ 227
11.3.18 REPLACE(S,A,B)¨ç¼Æ 227
11.3.19 STRCMP(S1, S2)¨ç¼Æ 228
11.3.20 SUBSTR(S, X, Y)¨ç¼Æ 228
11.3.21 MID(S, X, Y)¨ç¼Æ 228
11.3.22 SPACE(X)¨ç¼Æ 229
11.3.23 LOCATE(substr, str)¨ç¼Æ 229
11.3.24 ELT(M, S1, S2, ¡K, Sn)¨ç¼Æ 230
11.3.25 FIELD(S,S1,S2,¡K,Sn)¨ç¼Æ 230
11.3.26 FIND_IN_SET(S1, S2)¨ç¼Æ 230
11.3.27 REVERSE(S)¨ç¼Æ 231
11.3.28 NULLIF(value1, value2)¨ç¼Æ 231
11.4 ¤é´Á©M®É¶¡¨ç¼Æ 231
11.4.1 CURDATE()¨ç¼Æ 232
11.4.2 CURTIME()¨ç¼Æ 232
11.4.3 NOW()¨ç¼Æ 232
11.4.4 UNIX_TIMESTAMP(date)¨ç¼Æ 233
11.4.5 FROM_UNIXTIME(timestamp)¨ç¼Æ 233
11.4.6 UTC_DATE()¨ç¼Æ 233
11.4.7 UTC_TIME()¨ç¼Æ 234
11.4.8 YEAR(date)¨ç¼Æ 234
11.4.9 MONTH(date)¨ç¼Æ 234
11.4.10 MONTHNAME(date)¨ç¼Æ 235
11.4.11 DAY(date)¨ç¼Æ 235
11.4.12 DAYNAME(date)¨ç¼Æ 235
11.4.13 DAYOFWEEK(date)¨ç¼Æ 235
11.4.14 WEEKDAY(date)¨ç¼Æ 236
11.4.15 WEEK(date)¨ç¼Æ 236
11.4.16 WEEKOFYEAR(date)¨ç¼Æ 236
11.4.17 DAYOFYEAR(date)¨ç¼Æ 237
11.4.18 DAYOFMONTH(date)¨ç¼Æ 237
11.4.19 QUARTER(date)¨ç¼Æ 237
11.4.20 HOUR(time)¨ç¼Æ 237
11.4.21 MINUTE(time)¨ç¼Æ 238
11.4.22 SECOND(time)¨ç¼Æ 238
11.4.23 EXTRACT(type FROM date)¨ç¼Æ 238
11.4.24 TIME_TO_SEC(time)¨ç¼Æ 239
11.4.25 SEC_TO_TIME(seconds)¨ç¼Æ 240
11.4.26 DATE_ADD(date, INTERVAL expr type)¨ç¼Æ 240
11.4.27 DATE_SUB(date, INTERVAL expr type)¨ç¼Æ 241
11.4.28 ADDTIME(time1, time2)¨ç¼Æ 241
11.4.29 SUBTIME(time1, time2)¨ç¼Æ 242
11.4.30 DATEDIFF(date1, date2)¨ç¼Æ 242
11.4.31 FROM_DAYS(N)¨ç¼Æ 242
11.4.32 LAST_DAY(date)¨ç¼Æ 243
11.4.33 MAKEDATE(year, n)¨ç¼Æ 243
11.4.34 MAKETIME(hour, minute, second)¨ç¼Æ 243
11.4.35 PERIOD_ADD(time, n)¨ç¼Æ 244
11.4.36 TO_DAYS(date)¨ç¼Æ 244
11.4.37 DATE_FORMAT(date, format)¨ç¼Æ 244
11.4.38 TIME_FORMAT(time, format)¨ç¼Æ 245
11.4.39 GET_FORMAT(date_type, format_type)¨ç¼Æ 246
11.4.40 STR_TO_DATE(str, format)¨ç¼Æ 246
11.5 ¬yµ{³B²z¨ç¼Æ 247
11.5.1 IF(value, value1,value2)¨ç¼Æ 247
11.5.2 IFNULL(value1, value2)¨ç¼Æ 247
11.5.3 CASE WHEN THEN¨ç¼Æ 247
11.5.4 CASE expr WHEN¨ç¼Æ 248
11.6 ¥[±K»P¸Ñ±K¨ç¼Æ 248
11.6.1 PASSWORD(value)¨ç¼Æ 249
11.6.2 MD5(value)¨ç¼Æ 249
11.6.3 ENCODE(value, password_seed)¨ç¼Æ 249
11.6.4 DECODE(value, password_seed)¨ç¼Æ 249
11.7 »E¦X¨ç¼Æ 250
11.7.1 COUNT(*/¦r¬q¦WºÙ)¨ç¼Æ 250
11.7.2 MAX(¦r¬q¦WºÙ)¨ç¼Æ 251
11.7.3 MIN(¦r¬q¦WºÙ)¨ç¼Æ 251
11.7.4 SUM(¦r¬q¦WºÙ)¨ç¼Æ 251
11.7.5 AVG(¦r¬q¦WºÙ)¨ç¼Æ 251
11.8 Àò¨úMySQL«H®§¨ç¼Æ 252
11.8.1 VERSION()¨ç¼Æ 252
11.8.2 CONNECTION_ID()¨ç¼Æ 252
11.8.3 DATABASE()¨ç¼Æ 252
11.8.4 USER()¨ç¼Æ 253
11.8.5 LAST_INSERT_ID()¨ç¼Æ 253
11.8.6 CHARSET(value)¨ç¼Æ 254
11.8.7 COLLATION(value)¨ç¼Æ 254
11.9 ¥[Âê»P¸ÑÂê¨ç¼Æ 254
11.9.1 GET_LOCK(value, timeout)¨ç¼Æ 254
11.9.2 RELEASE_LOCK(value)¨ç¼Æ 255
11.9.3 IS_FREE_LOCK(value)¨ç¼Æ 255
11.9.4 IS_USED_LOCK(value)¨ç¼Æ 255
11.10 JSON¨ç¼Æ 256
11.10.1 JSON_CONTAINS(json_doc, value)¨ç¼Æ 256
11.10.2 JSON_SEARCH(json_doc ->> $[*].key, type, value)¨ç¼Æ 257
11.10.3 JSON_PRETTY(json_doc)¨ç¼Æ 257
11.10.4 JSON_DEPTH(json_doc)¨ç¼Æ 257
11.10.5 JSON_LENGTH(json_doc[, path])¨ç¼Æ 258
11.10.6 JSON_KEYS(json_doc[, path])¨ç¼Æ 258
11.10.7 JSON_INSERT(json_doc, path, val[, path, val] ...)¨ç¼Æ 258
11.10.8 JSON_REMOVE(json_doc, path[, path] ...)¨ç¼Æ 259
11.10.9 JSON_REPLACE(json_doc, path, val[, path, val] ...)¨ç¼Æ 259
11.10.10 JSON_SET(json_doc, path, val[, path, val] ...)¨ç¼Æ 260
11.10.11 JSON_TYPE(json_val)¨ç¼Æ 261
11.10.12 JSON_VALID(value)¨ç¼Æ 261
11.11 µ¡¤f¨ç¼Æ 261
11.11.1 §Ç¸¹¨ç¼Æ 263
11.11.2 ¤À¥¬¨ç¼Æ 264
11.11.3 «e¦Z¨ç¼Æ 265
11.11.4 ­º§À¨ç¼Æ 267
11.11.5 ¨ä¥L¨ç¼Æ 268
11.12 MySQLªº¨ä¥L¨ç¼Æ 269
11.12.1 FORMAT(value, n)¨ç¼Æ 269
11.12.2 CONV(value, from, to)¨ç¼Æ 269
11.12.3 INET_ATON(value)¨ç¼Æ 270
11.12.4 INET_NTOA(value)¨ç¼Æ 270
11.12.5 BENCHMARK(n, expr)¨ç¼Æ 270
11.12.6 CAST(value AS type)¨ç¼Æ 271
11.12.7 CONVERT(value USING char_code)¨ç¼Æ 271
11.13 ¥»³¹Á`µ² 272
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12.1 ¼Æ¾Ú´¡¤J 273
12.1.1 ¼Æ¾Ú´¡¤J³W«h 273
12.1.2 ´¡¤J§¹¾ãªº¦æ°O¿ý 274
12.1.3 «ü©w¦r¬q´¡¤J¼Æ¾Ú 275
12.1.4 ¤@¦¸´¡¤J¦h±ø¼Æ¾Ú°O¿ý 276
12.1.5 ±N¬d¸ßµ²ªG´¡¤J¥t¤@­Óªí¤¤ 278
12.2 ¼Æ¾Ú§ó·s 280
12.2.1 §ó·s¼Æ¾Úªí¤¤ªº©Ò¦³°O¿ý 281
12.2.2 §ó·sªí¤¤¯S©wªº¼Æ¾Ú¦æ 281
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12.4 ¥»³¹Á`µ² 289
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13.1 ¼Æ¾Ú·Ç³Æ 290
13.2 SELECT¬d¸ß»y¥y 291
13.2.1 ¬d¸ßªí¤¤©Ò¦³¦r¬qªº¼Æ¾Ú 291
13.2.2 ¬d¸ßªí¤¤³æ­Ó¦r¬qªº¼Æ¾Ú 293
13.2.3 ¬d¸ßªí¤¤«ü©w¦r¬qªº¼Æ¾Ú 294
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13.2.5 ¨Ï¥Î§¹¥þ­­©wªí¦W¬d¸ß¼Æ¾Ú 295
13.3 WHERE±ø¥ó»y¥y 296
13.3.1 WHERE»y¥y»yªk®æ¦¡ 296
13.3.2 ¬d¸ß³æ¤@ªº¯S©w¼Æ¾Ú 296
13.3.3 ¬d¸ß¬Y­Ó­S³ò¤ºªº¼Æ¾Ú 297
13.3.4 IN©MNOT IN±ø¥ó»y¥y 297
13.3.5 BETWEEN AND±ø¥ó»y¥y 298
13.3.6 LIKE±ø¥ó»y¥y 299
13.3.7 ªÅ­È±ø¥ó­­¨î»y¥y 300
13.3.8 AND»y¥y 302
13.3.9 OR»y¥y 303
13.3.10 DISTINCT»y¥y 303
13.3.11 ORDER BY»y¥y 304
13.3.12 GROUP BY»y¥y 306
13.3.13 HAVING»y¥y 308
13.3.14 WITH ROLLUP»y¥y 308
13.3.15 ¹ï¼Æ¾Ú¦P®É¶i¦æ¤À²Õ»P±Æ§Ç 308
13.3.16 LIMIT»y¥y 309
13.4 ¼Æ¾Ú»E¦X¬d¸ß 310
13.4.1 ¬d¸ß¼Æ¾ÚªºÁ`¦æ¼Æ 310
13.4.2 ¬d¸ß¬Y¦C¼Æ¾ÚªºÁ`©M 311
13.4.3 ¬d¸ß¬Y¦C¼Æ¾Úªº³Ì¤p­È 312
13.4.4 ¬d¸ß¬Y¦C¼Æ¾Úªº³Ì¤j­È 312
13.4.5 ¬d¸ß¬Y¦C¼Æ¾Úªº¥­§¡­È 313
13.5 JOIN»y¥y 314
13.5.1 INNER JOIN»y¥y 314
13.5.2 LEFT JOIN»y¥y 315
13.5.3 RIGHT JOIN»y¥y 316
13.5.4 CROSS JOIN »y¥y 317
13.5.5 ¨Ï¥Î´_¦X³s±µ±ø¥ó¬d¸ß¼Æ¾Ú 317
13.6 ¤l¬d¸ß»y¥y 318
13.6.1 ANY¤l¬d¸ß 318
13.6.2 ALL¤l¬d¸ß 319
13.6.3 EXISTS¤l¬d¸ß 319
13.6.4 NOT EXISTS¤l¬d¸ß 320
13.6.5 IN¤l¬d¸ß 320
13.6.6 NOT IN¤l¬d¸ß 321
13.6.7 ¤l¬d¸ß§@¬°µ²ªG¦r¬q 321
13.7 UNIONÁp¦X»y¥y 322
13.7.1 UNION»y¥y 322
13.7.2 UNION ALL»y¥y 323
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